Sales and Operations Planning:
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“Forecasting is difficult.... particularly about the
future!”
“There are two types of forecast, wrong and lucky!”
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Very few businesses only offer a single
product or service. In a majority of businesses the complexity
caused by the numbers of combinations of products and/or
services is one of the primary causes of waste effort and
cash. Traditional businesses tend to believe that they are
running to a business plan, usually they are attempting to run
the operation with nothing more than a budget and a lot of
wishful thinking.
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In a majority of businesses the business
planning/budgeting process, sales (Demand) and operations
(Supply) operate independently. When links are made they tend
to result in conflicts (the severity of which is highly
dependent on the culture and individual personalities). Even
some organizations that have good informal communication
channels can have problems since no one has an overall picture
of what is happening or is going to happen. Disconnected
businesses are less effective and less efficient than
connected ones. This is given in a diagrammatic form opposite, |
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What is really needed is a system that ensures that all parts
of the business are involved in the process such that
discrepancies between the Demand and Supply sides of the
business can be addressed at a very early stage, thus ensuring
that there are no nasty surprises. A Sales and Operation Plan
(SOP) is basically a process that ensure the sales and
operational parts of a business are pulling in the same
direction. It is regarded by a majority of people as being the
most significant step along the route to Business Excellence.
Since, when well implemented, it provides all of the
following,
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A
common language for all parts of the business
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A
link between the Business Plan and the real world of
sales and products
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An
agreed plan for capacity planning
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An
agreed plan for material purchase
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A
means of modelling the future
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A
viable replacement for the annual "budgeting" process
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An important element of a viable SOP process is
the sharing of forecasts/prediction. Most small businesses say
that they can’t forecast since volumes are low, customers are
unpredictable etc. In reality we all make forecasts that affect
the way in which we provide or act on information, in the
disconnected business above each area makes its own forecast
in isolation, the usual result is a series of unpleasant
surprises. In the connected business the surprises still
happen but they tend to be smaller and/or less frequent. |